On This Day...

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29.01.2018, 15:27

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The first automobile ...

On January 29, 1886, Carl Benz applied for a patent for his “vehicle powered by a gas engine.”

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The patent – number 37435 – may be regarded as the birth certificate of the automobile. In July 1886
the newspapers reported on the first public outing of the three-wheeled Benz Patent Motor Car, model no. 1.

27.01.2018, 18:51

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National Geographic Society founded ...

On January 27, 1888, the National Geographic Society is founded in Washington, D.C., for “the
increase and diffusion of geographical knowledge.”

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The 33 men who originally met and formed the National Geographic Society were a diverse group
of geographers, explorers, teachers, lawyers, cartographers, military officers and financiers.

25.01.2018, 16:26

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World’s largest diamond found ...

On January 25, 1905, at the Premier Mine in Pretoria, South Africa, a 3,106-carat diamond is discovered during a routine
inspection by the mine’s superintendent.

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Weighing 1.33 pounds, and christened the “Cullinan,” it was the largest diamond ever found.

24.01.2018, 15:27

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Tongue

First canned beer goes on sale ...

Canned beer makes its debut on this day in 1935. In partnership with the American Can Company,
the Gottfried Krueger Brewing Company delivered 2,000 cans of Krueger’s Finest Beer and Krueger’s
Cream Ale to faithful Krueger drinkers in Richmond, Virginia.

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Ninety-one percent of the drinkers approved of the canned beer, driving Krueger to give the green light
to further production. The purchase of cans, unlike bottles, did not require the consumer to pay a deposit.
Cans were also easier to stack, more durable and took less time to chill.

22.01.2018, 15:12

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" Bloody Sunday " in Russia ...

Well on its way to losing a war against Japan in the Far East, czarist Russia is wracked with
internal discontent that finally explodes into violence in St. Petersburg in what will become
known as the Bloody Sunday Massacre.

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On January 22, 1905, a group of workers led by the radical priest Georgy Apollonovich Gapon
marched to the czar’s Winter Palace in St. Petersburg to make their demands. Imperial forces
opened fire on the demonstrators, killing and wounding hundreds. Strikes and riots broke out
throughout the country in outraged response to the massacre.

17.01.2018, 16:34

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Captain James Cook becomes 1st to cross Antarctic Circle (66° 33' S) ...

On this day, January 17, in 1773, Captain James Cook’s ship Resolution unwittingly became the first one to cross the
Antarctic Circle, and the first ship to ever sail that far south.

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Still not finding the rumored continent, Cook ordered further exploration of the area, sailing where the ice allowed passage
and spending the icy winters in New Zealand. Finally encountering a solid wall of ice blocking his path, he concluded the
continent as was envisioned did not exist, and turned back for England. [hidden link - please register]

16.01.2018, 17:51

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Cry

The "Dry law" in the US ...

The 18th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution, prohibiting the “manufacture, sale, or transportation
of intoxicating liquors for beverage purposes,” is ratified on this day in 1919 and becomes the law of the land.

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The movement for the prohibition of alcohol began in the early 19th century, when Americans
concerned about the adverse effects of drinking began forming temperance societies. By the late
19th century, these groups had become a powerful political force, campaigning on the state level
and calling for total national abstinence.

15.01.2018, 15:07

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Happy birthday Wikipedia!

Seventeen years ago today, on January 15th, 2001, Wikipedia was founded by two internet pioneers,
Jimmy Wales and Larry Sanger, although neither had any idea how ambitious their online encyclopedia
would become. Today Wikipedia is the tenth most popular website in the world, with versions available
in some 280 languages containing around 35m articles.

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Like the ancient library of Alexandria and Denis Diderot’s encyclopedia published during the Enlightenment,
Wikipedia is an ever-evolving manifestation of its creators’ desire to preserve and compile knowledge.

11.01.2018, 16:17

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Grand Canyon National Monument is created ...

On January 11, 1908, U.S. President Theodore Roosevelt declares the massive
Grand Canyon in northwestern Arizona a national monument.

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Though Native Americans lived in the area as early as the 13th century, the first European
sighting of the canyon wasn’t until 1540, by members of an expedition headed by the
Spanish explorer Francisco Vasquez de Coronado.

“The ages had been at work on it, and man can only mar it,” - President Theodore Roosevelt

10.01.2018, 17:18

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Julius Caesar crosses the Rubicon, signaling the start of civil war ...

It was January 10. 49 BC, Caesar was staying in the northern Italian city of Ravenna and he had a decision to make.
Either he acquiesced to the Senate's command or he moved southward to confront Pompey and plunge the Roman
Republic into a bloody civil war.

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An ancient Roman law forbade any general from crossing the Rubicon River and entering Italy proper with a standing army.
To do so was treason. This tiny stream would reveal Caesar's intentions and mark the point of no return.
Such a move would send a signal to Rome that he no longer felt bound to do what Rome told him.

09.01.2018, 19:32

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Columbus mistakes manatees for mermaids ...

On this day in 1493, Italian explorer Christopher Columbus, sailing near the Dominican Republic,
sees three “mermaids”–in reality manatees–and describes them as “not half as beautiful as they are painted.”

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Six months earlier, Columbus (1451-1506) set off from Spain across the Atlantic Ocean with the Nina,
Pinta and Santa Maria, hoping to find a western trade route to Asia. Instead, his voyage, the first of four
he would make, led him to the Americas, or “New World.”

06.01.2018, 09:33

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Morse demonstrates telegraph machine ...

On 6th January 1838 Samuel Morse’s revolutionary telegraph system was demonstrated for the first time
at the Speedwell Iron Works in Morristown, New Jersey. Within a few years of the initial demonstration a
series of telegraph lines would be strung across the United States and the Atlantic, completely changing
the nature of long distance communication.

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Morse was not the lone inventor of the telegraph, the device was the culmination of the work of multiple
scientists and engineers. Morse was crucial in refining the technology and securing the funding and support to
get it widely distributed.

03.01.2018, 14:52

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Alaska admitted into Union ...

On January 3, 1959, President Eisenhower signs a special proclamation admitting the territory of Alaska
into the Union as the 49th and largest state.

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The European discovery of Alaska came in 1741, when a Russian expedition led by Danish navigator Vitus Bering
sighted the Alaskan mainland. Russian hunters were soon making incursions into Alaska, and the native Aleut
population suffered greatly after being exposed to foreign diseases. In 1784, Grigory Shelikhov established the first
permanent Russian colony in Alaska on Kodiak Island. In the early 19th century, Russian settlements spread down
the west coast of North America, with the southernmost fort located near Bodega Bay in California.

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Russian activity in the New World declined in the 1820s, and March 30, 1867, Secretary of
State William H. Seward signed a treaty with Russia for the purchase of Alaska for $7.2 million.

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30.12.2017, 08:23

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The death of Rasputin - December, 1916 ...

On 30 December 1916, Grigori Rasputin, the Russian mystic who became a confidant of Tsar Nicholas II
and his wife, was brutally killed. After supposedly being poisoned, shot and beaten, he was thrown into
the freezing waters of St. Petersburg’s Neva River by aristocrats fearful of the influence he wielded
over the Romanov court.

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Rasputin, a Siberian-born muzhik, or peasant, who underwent a religious conversion as a teenager and
proclaimed himself a healer with the ability to predict the future, won the favor of Czar Nicholas II and
Czarina Alexandra through his ability to stop the bleeding of their hemophiliac son, Alexei, in 1908.

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From then on, though he was widely criticized for his lechery and drunkenness, Rasputin exerted a powerful
influence on the ruling family of Russia, infuriating nobles, church orthodoxy, and peasants alike. He particularly
influenced the czarina, and was rumored to be her lover. When Nicholas departed to lead Russian forces in World War I,
Rasputin effectively ruled the country through Alexandra, contributing to the already-existing corruption and disorder of Romanov Russia. [hidden link - please register]

17.12.2017, 16:37

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Third and final " The Lord of the Rings " movie opens ...

On This Day in 2003, " The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King ", the final film in the trilogy based on
the best-selling fantasy novels by J.R.R. Tolkien, opens in theaters. The film was a huge box-office success and won
11 Academy Awards, including Best Picture and Best Director, for Peter Jackson.

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The Lord of the Rings trilogy became one of the highest-grossing franchises in movie history, netting billions of
dollars worldwide in box-office proceeds and related merchandise.