On This Day...

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06.03.2018, 15:38

Re: On This Day...

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"Aspirin" (acetylsalicylic acid) patented by Felix Hoffmann at German company Bayer ...

Now the most common drug in household medicine cabinets, acetylsalicylic acid was originally made
from a chemical found in the bark of willow trees. In its primitive form, the active ingredient, salicin,
was used for centuries in folk medicine, beginning in ancient Greece when Hippocrates used it to relieve pain and fever.

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On March 6, 1899, the German chemical concern Bayer patented a pharmaceutical it called Aspirin – a
wonder drug with the active ingredient of acetylsalicylic acid that alleviated pain and reduced fever.

02.03.2018, 15:13

Re: On This Day...

Cry

Grave robbers steal Charlie Chaplin’s body ...

In one of history’s most famous cases of body-snatching, two men steal the corpse of
the revered film actor Sir Charles Chaplin from a cemetery in the Swiss village of Corsier-sur-Vevey,
located in the hills above Lake Geneva, near Lausanne, Switzerland, on this day in 1978.

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A comic actor who was perhaps most famous for his alter ego, the Little Tramp, Chaplin
was also a respected filmmaker whose career spanned Hollywood’s silent film era and
the momentous transition to “talkies” in the late 1920s. Chaplin died on Christmas Day
in 1977, at the age of 88. Two months later, his body was stolen from the Swiss cemetery,
sparking a police investigation and a hunt for the culprits.

Charlie, would have thought it was funny ...

01.03.2018, 19:22

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Cool

Salem Witch Hunt begins ...

On March 1, 1692, Sarah Goode, Sarah Osborne, and and Indian slave named Tituba,
were apparently practicing illegal witchcraft and were arrested. The same day they were
arrested, Tituba admitted that he was practicing witchcraft. The authorities thought,
if there was one, there must be more.

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A month before, in Salem Village, nine- year- old Elizabeth Parris and 11- year- old
Abigail Williams, began having fits and maladies, which are diseases or ailments. A doctor
diagnosed effects of witchcraft. A number of adults began accusing their neighbors and
other residents, mostly middle aged women of witchcraft, but a few men and even a four-year-old child
were accused. Over the next few months, more than 150 residents were incriminated.

27.02.2018, 06:13

Re: On This Day...

In love

New Orleanians take to the streets for Mardi Gras ...

On this day in 1827, a group of masked and costumed students dance through the streets of New Orleans,
Louisiana, marking the beginning of the city’s famous Mardi Gras celebrations.

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The celebration of Carnival–or the weeks between Twelfth Night on January 6 and Ash Wednesday,
the beginning of the Christian period of Lent–spread from Rome across Europe and later to the
Americas. Nowhere in the United States is Carnival celebrated as grandly as in New Orleans,
famous for its over-the-top parades and parties for Mardi Gras (or Fat Tuesday), the last day of the Carnival season.

26.02.2018, 14:25

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RADAR first demonstrated by Robert Watson-Watt ...

On this day in 1935, RADAR was first demonstrated by Scottish engineer and physicist Sir Robert Watson-Watt.

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RADAR, or Radio Detection And Ranging, played a critical role in the Allied victory in WWII.

25.02.2018, 09:35

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Tongue

Paper currency (greenbacks) introduced in US by President Abraham Lincoln ...

On February 6, 1862, the legislation was passed by the House with a vote of 93 in favor and 59 opposed.
The bill moved to the Senate where Ohio's John Sherman was its leading champion. President Lincoln
signed the legislation on February 25.

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The government issued greenbacks in July 1862 and March 1863, both times for $150 million.

23.02.2018, 10:11

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Cool

Major Walter Clopton Winfield patents a game called "sphairistike" (lawn tennis)

On this day 1874. Major Walter Clopton Wingfield patented an outdoor game he called ‘Sphairistike’, later known as lawn tennis.

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Eventually it was adopted by the All England Croquet Club which sponsored the first Wimbledon championships in 1877.

22.02.2018, 15:09

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Cool

Galileo's Dialogue Concerning the Two Chief World Systems is published...

Galileo’s Dialogue Concerning the Two Chief World Systems, published in Florence in 1632, was the most
proximate cause of his being brought to trial before the Inquisition. Using the dialogue form, a genre common
in classical philosophical works, Galileo masterfully demonstrates the truth of the Copernican system over
the Ptolemaic one, proving, for the first time, that the earth revolves around the sun. Its influence is incalculable.

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The Dialogue is not only one of the most important scientific treatises ever written, but a work of supreme
clarity and accessibility, remaining as readable now as when it was first published.

21.02.2018, 15:43

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Marx publishes Manifesto ...

On February 21, 1848, The Communist Manifesto, written by Karl Marx with the assistance of Friedrich Engels,
is published in London by a group of German-born revolutionary socialists known as the Communist League. The
political pamphlet–arguably the most influential in history–proclaimed that “the history of all hitherto existing society
is the history of class struggles” and that the inevitable victory of the proletariat, or working class, would put an end
to class society forever.

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Originally published in German as Manifest der Kommunistischen Partei (“Manifesto of the Communist Party”), the work
had little immediate impact. Its ideas, however, reverberated with increasing force into the 20th century, and by 1950 nearly
half the world’s population lived under Marxist governments.

20.02.2018, 17:27

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Cool

George Washington signs the Postal Service Act ...

On February 20, 1792, President Washington formally created the U.S. Postal Service with the signing
of the Postal Service Act, which outlined in detail Congressional power to establish official mail routes.
The act allowed for newspapers to be included in mail deliveries and made it illegal for postal officials to
open anyone’s mail. In 1792, a young American nation of approximately 4 million people enjoyed federally
funded postal services including 75 regional post offices and 2,400 miles of postal routes.

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The cost of sending a letter ranged from 6 cents to 12 cents. Under Washington, the Postal Service
administration was headquartered in Philadelphia. In 1800, it followed other federal agencies to the nation’s
new capital in Washington, D.C

19.02.2018, 18:51

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Thomas Edison is granted a patent for his gramophone (phonograph) ...

On February 19, 1878, Thomas Edison was granted a patent for his gramophone (phonograph).

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Perhaps it wasn’t the first device created to record sound, but it was the only one able to play it
back, using phonographic cylinders covered with tinfoil, that later were improvement by other inventors.

17.02.2018, 17:17

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Kasparov defeats chess-playing computer ...

On this day in the final game of a six-game match, world chess champion Garry Kasparov triumphs over
Deep Blue, IBM’s chess-playing computer, and wins the match, 4-2. However, Deep Blue goes on to defeat
Kasparov in a heavily publicized rematch the following year.

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Garry Kasparov, considered one of the greatest players in the history of chess, was born April 13, 1963,
in the Russian republic of Azerbaijan. In 1985, at 22, Kasparov became the youngest world champion in
history when he defeated Anatoly Karpov.

16.02.2018, 15:09

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Cool

Archaeologist opens tomb of King Tut ...

On this day in 1923, in Thebes, Egypt, English archaeologist Howard Carter enters the sealed burial
chamber of the ancient Egyptian ruler King Tutankhamen.

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When Carter arrived in Egypt in 1891, he became convinced there was at least one undiscovered tomb–that
of the little known Tutankhamen, or King Tut, who lived around 1400 B.C. and died when he was still a
teenager. Backed by a rich Brit, Lord Carnarvon, Carter searched for five years without success. In early 1922,
Lord Carnarvon wanted to call off the search, but Carter convinced him to hold on one more year.

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14.02.2018, 16:20

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St. Valentine beheaded ...

On February 14 around the year 278A.D., Valentine, a holy priest in Rome in the days of Emperor Claudius II, was executed.

Under the rule of Claudius the Cruel, Rome was involved in many unpopular and bloody campaigns. The emperor had to maintain
a strong army, but was having a difficult time getting soldiers to join his military leagues. Claudius believed that Roman men were
unwilling to join the army because of their strong attachment to their wives and families. To get rid of the problem, Claudius banned
all marriages and engagements in Rome. Valentine, realizing the injustice of the decree, defied Claudius and continued to perform
marriages for young lovers in secret. When Valentine’s actions were discovered, Claudius ordered that he be put to death. Valentine
was arrested and dragged before the Prefect of Rome, who condemned him to be beaten to death with clubs and to have his head
cut off. The sentence was carried out on February 14, on or about the year 270.

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Legend also has it that while in jail, St. Valentine left a farewell note for the jailer’s daughter, who had become his friend, and signed
it “From Your Valentine.” For his great service, Valentine was named a saint after his death. In truth, the exact origins and identity
of St. Valentine are unclear. According to the Catholic Encyclopedia, “At least three different Saint Valentines, all of them martyrs,
are mentioned in the early martyrologies under the date of 14 February.” One was a priest in Rome, the second one was a bishop
of Interamna (now Terni, Italy) and the third St. Valentine was a martyr in the Roman province of Africa. Legends vary on how the
martyr’s name became connected with romance. The date of his death may have become mingled with the Feast of Lupercalia, a
pagan festival of love. On these occasions, the names of young women were placed in a box, from which they were drawn by the
men as chance directed. In 496 AD, Pope Gelasius decided to put an end to the Feast of Lupercalia, and he declared that February 14
be celebrated as St Valentine’s Day.

Gradually, February 14 became a date for exchanging love messages, poems and simple gifts such as flowers. [hidden link - please register]

02.02.2018, 17:03

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First Groundhog Day ...

On this day in 1887, Groundhog Day, featuring a rodent meteorologist, is celebrated
for the first time at Gobbler’s Knob in Punxsutawney, Pennsylvania.

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According to tradition, if a groundhog comes out of its hole on this day and sees its
shadow, it gets scared and runs back into its burrow, predicting six more weeks of
winter weather; no shadow means an early spring.
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